生命科学英语怎么说

Title: Understanding Life Science Terminology in English

Life science, a vast and diverse field encompassing biology, genetics, ecology, and more, is crucial for understanding living organisms and their processes. To navigate this realm effectively, a grasp of life science terminology in English is essential. Let's delve into some key terms across various subfields:

1. Biology:

Cell

: The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

: The molecule carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of organisms.

Evolution

: The process of gradual change in populations of organisms over generations, leading to diversity in species.

Photosynthesis

: The biochemical process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy.

2. Genetics:

Gene

: A unit of heredity that is transferred from parent to offspring and determines some characteristic of the offspring.

Allele

: One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

Genotype

: The genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Phenotype

: The set of observable characteristics resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

3. Ecology:

Ecosystem

: A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Biodiversity

: The variety of life forms present in different ecosystems.

Food chain

: A hierarchical series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food.

Habitat

: The natural environment in which an organism lives, grows, and reproduces.

4. Biotechnology:

Genetic Engineering

: The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.

Cloning

: The process of producing genetically identical individuals of an organism either naturally or artificially.

Bioremediation

: The use of organisms to neutralize or remove contamination from waste products or pollutants.

Bioinformatics

: The science of collecting and analyzing complex biological data, such as genetic codes.

5. Physiology:

Homeostasis

: The ability of an organism or cell to regulate its internal environment to maintain a stable condition.

Endocrine System

: The collection of glands that produce hormones regulating metabolism, growth, development, and reproduction.

Neuron

: A specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.

Respiration

: The process by which organisms exchange gases with their environment.

Tips for Learning Life Science Terminology in English:

1.

Contextual Understanding

: Learn terms in the context of their respective disciplines to grasp their meanings effectively.

2.

Regular Practice

: Engage in reading scientific literature, textbooks, and articles to reinforce your understanding.

3.

Use of Resources

: Utilize online dictionaries, glossaries, and academic resources tailored to life sciences.

4.

Interactive Learning

: Participate in discussions, forums, and seminars to gain insights and clarify doubts.

5.

Application in Writing

: Practice using these terms in writing essays, reports, and research papers to enhance retention and application skills.

By familiarizing yourself with these fundamental terms and incorporating effective learning strategies, you can navigate the intricate world of life science with confidence and proficiency. Happy exploring!